ABSTRACT
Odontomas are considered a type of odontogenic hamartoma, and are generally reported not to exceed 3 cm in diameter. Some authors have referred to odontomas with a diameter exceeding 3 cm as giant odontomas. As hamartomas, giant odontomas generally show no signs or symptoms, but if they perforate the mucosa to become exposed in the oral cavity, oral and maxillofacial infections can result. Surgical removal and a histopathological examination may also be required to differentiate them from osteomas, cemento-osseous dysplasia, or mixed odontogenic tumors. This report presents the case of a 28-year-old woman with a giant odontoma in the right mandibular third molar area. Based on a review of the literature published since 2010, only 11 cases of “giant” or “large” odontomas have been reported, most of which were of the complex odontoma type. It was confirmed that they tend to occur in the right posterior mandible.
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Hamartoma , Mandible , Molar, Third , Mouth , Mucous Membrane , Odontogenic Tumors , Odontoma , Osteoma , RadiographyABSTRACT
Sur8, a scaffold protein of the Ras pathway, interacts with Ras and Raf and modulates the Ras-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway. Here we show that Sur8 is overexpressed in established human colorectal cancer (CRC) cell lines and CRC patient tissues. Moreover, Sur8 expression is increased during liver metastasis in CRC patients. Sur8 knockdown decreases ERK and Akt activities in CRC cell lines, regardless of their K-Ras, B-Raf or PI3K mutation status. Overexpression or knockdown of Sur8 increases or decreases, respectively, the proliferation or transformation of CRC cell lines. Sur8 knockdown attenuates the migration and invasion of HCT116 CRC cells. Subcutaneous or orthotopic injection of HCT116 cells harboring a doxycycline (Dox)-mediated Sur8 knockdown system in nude mice resulted in decreased tumorigenic potential and inhibited the liver metastatic potential of HCT116 cells. Taken together, our data support the role of Sur8 as a promoter of tumorigenesis and liver metastasis in CRC through its modulation of the Ras-ERK and PI3K-Akt signaling pathways.
Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Mice , Carcinogenesis , Cell Line , Colorectal Neoplasms , Doxycycline , HCT116 Cells , Liver , Mice, Nude , Neoplasm Metastasis , PhosphotransferasesABSTRACT
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM: Under anatomical limitations on maxillary posterior region, a poor crown-to root ratio acting on dental implants can result in undesirable stress in surrounding bone, which in turn can cause bone defects and eventual failure of implants. PURPOSE: The purpose is to compare stress distribution due to different crown-root ratio and effect of splinting between natural teeth and implants in maxillary molar area under different loads. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Analysis of stress arising supporting bone of the natural teeth and the implant was made with 3-dimensional finite element method. The model simulated naturel teeth was made with 2nd premolar and 1st molar in the maxillary molar region (Model T). The model simulated implants placed on same positions with two parallel implants of Straumann Dental Implant cemented abutment (Model I). Each model was designed in different crown-root ratio (0.7:1, 1:1, 1.25:1) and set cement type gold crown to make it non-splinted or splinted. After that, 300 N force was loaded to each model in five ways (Load 1: middle of occlusal table, Load 2: middle of buccal cusp, Load 3: middle of lingual cusp, Load 4: horizontal load to buccal cusp of anterior abutment only, Load 5: horizontal load to middle of buccal cusp of each abutment), and stress distribution was analyzed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: On all occasions, stress was concentrated at the cervical region of the implant. Under load 1, 2 and 3, stress was not increased even when crown-root ratio increases, but under load 4 and 5, when crown-root ratio increases, stress also increased. There was difference in stress values between natural teeth and implants when crown-root ratio gradually increases; In case of natural teeth, splinting decreased stress under vertical and horizontal loads. In case of implants, splinting decreased stress under vertical loads 1,2 and 3, but increased maximal stress under loads 2 and 3. Under horizontal loads, splinting decreased stress, however the effect of splinting decreased under load 5 than load 4. Furthermore, the stress was increased, when crown-root ratio is 1.25:1. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: This limited finite element study suggests that the stress on supporting bone may be increased under non-axial loads and poor crown-root ratio. Under poor crown-root ratio, excessive stress was generated at the cervical region of the implant, and decreased splinting effect for stress distribution, which can be related to clinical failure.
Subject(s)
Bicuspid , Crowns , Dental Implants , Finite Element Analysis , Molar , Splints , ToothABSTRACT
Especially in design of automobile, there are many professional softwares based finite element or multi-body like Madymo, Pam-Crash, Ansys. These program have been released almost every car maker and university. Also in accident reconstruction fields, there are some softwares like PC-Crash, HVE was developed. Unfortunately these programs for accident reconstruction are so general and its input data are so limited, it is very difficult or even impossible to analyze some special cases. In this study, we reconstruct two crime scenes using Madymo program. Although this program was developed for design of car, we apply to crime scene reconstruction. First case is regarding traffic accident. A car was fell under 5m from the road and turn over and then move about 40m. Finally the driver eject from the car. Second case is regarding suicide by hanging. When the police investigate the crime scene at first time, they assume that this crime is a murder case but we carried out autopsy and investigated the crime scene again and analyzed by computer simulation and finally find out this crime is suicide case not murder.
Subject(s)
Humans , Accidents, Traffic , Automobiles , Autopsy , Computer Simulation , Crime , Homicide , Police , SuicideABSTRACT
PURPOSE: The clinical manifestation of hypocalcemia is usually delayed until 48 to 72 hours after a thyroidectomy. A reliable predictor of postoperative hypocalcemia demanding treatment will shorten the hospital stay. This study prospectively evaluated the clinical and biochemical characteristics of patients who had hypocalcemia demanding treatment along with their predictive values. METHODS: The data was collected from 44 patients who underwent a total thyroidectomy at Chungbuk National University hospital from September 2003 to July 2004. There were 38 females and 6 males. Thirty-one patients were diagnosed with thyroid carcinoma. The serum calcium, phosphorous, ionized calcium, and PTH levels were measured at 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours after surgery. The clinical and biochemical characteristics of the patients who demanded treatment (Treated) were compared with those of the other patients (Control). Statistical analysis was carried out using a student t-test and a chi2 test. RESULTS: Among the 44 patients, 11 patients (25.0%) required calcium supplementation. The clinical characteristics except for age were not different between the two groups. The serum calcium, calcium ion, and PTH levels were significantly lower in the treated group from as early as 6 hours after surgery. In order to predict hypocalcemia demanding treatment with both a sensitivity and a specificity of approximately 90%, the biochemical cut-off value would be 15 pg/ml PTH at 6 hours, 4.0 mg/dl of a minimal ionized calcium within 24 hours, and 7.9 mg/dl calcium at 48 hours after a total thyroidectomy. CONCLUSION: Hypocalcemia demanding treatment can be predicted early and reliably after a total thyroidectomy by measuring the postoperative changes in the serum calcium, ionized calcium, and PTH levels.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Calcium , Hypocalcemia , Length of Stay , Parathyroid Hormone , Prospective Studies , Sensitivity and Specificity , Thyroid Neoplasms , ThyroidectomyABSTRACT
The civilization has given us a great comfort and convenience but also it has been threatening our life at the same time. Among these causes of death the traffic accident is the most dangerous thing to threat our life in recent years. According to the report of traffic accident in 2003, the pedestrian to car accident is almost 50% of all types of traffic accident and this percentage is very high level compare to other countries. So this is why we have to focus on this field of accident. This case is as follows, when a pedestrian was riding a bicycle and crossing the road, a taxi hit the bicycle with left outside mirror. The impact was not so severe, the pedestrian stood up by himself. Unfortunately he was impacted once again by a SUV which was following behind the taxi. The evidence were the SUV, clothing and victim. A complete autopsy was performed on the victim. The skull was slightly fractured with line shape and showed hypodermal bleeding under the head skin. The thoracic vertebrae of No. 11-12 was fractured. The cause of death was apparently head trauma and fracture of thoracic vertebrae. But we could not explain why the thoracic vertebrae was fractured without damage of internal organs in chest and abdomen. To analyze this case, we used a dynamic analysis program Madymo V6.2 and applied the Hybrid-III human model. Finally we could prove that if the pedestrian stand against the SUV, the bending moment in spine was raised suddenly at the beginning of impact. At this moment the leg was started to be move to the backward of pedestrian but the upper part of body could not move because of inertia. This bending moment make the spine hyper-extension and this level of moment can fracture the spine enough in low speed of SUV. In this study we analysis the car to pedestrian accident with engineering view and introduce the detail analysis method to reconstruct the accident involving the human trauma.
Subject(s)
Humans , Abdomen , Accidents, Traffic , Autopsy , Cause of Death , Civilization , Clothing , Craniocerebral Trauma , Head , Hemorrhage , Leg , Skin , Skull , Spine , Thoracic Vertebrae , ThoraxABSTRACT
A compression tank is normally made like round column shape to the middle part and plate shape in both sides. These kinds of tanks are usually designed to resist inner pressure but if the inner pressure is too high the tank will be exploded and some pieces can severe damage to human. If the shape of corner is about 90 degrees the stress will be very high at corner. So this kind of tank have been manufactured as smooth round corner even though its cost. Although smooth round type of corner, there is always some area of high level of stress and it is very difficult to calculate exactly because of complicate shape of corner. In this case study, here we introduce the FEM method to calculate the exact solution and compare the result with engineering fomula. The edge of tank was modeled like actual edge of tank and the critical inner pressure is 2.5 kg/cm2. This result is proven by engineering formula and we knew that this FEM method would be trustable to calculate a plenty of delicate problem whether the structures have original defect or not.
Subject(s)
HumansABSTRACT
PURPOSE: Troglitazone is a potent agonist for the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARgamma), which is a ligand-activated transcription factor that regulates cell differentiation and growth. Antiproliferative effects of troglitazone have been reported in several human cancers including thyroid cancer. In the present study, we evaluated the redifferentiation effects of troglitazone in human cancers regarding the modulation of CD97 and sodium-iodide symporter (NIS) gene expression. METHODS: We used 3 human thyroid cancer cell lines: TPC-1 (papillary), FTC-133 (follicular), and XTC-1 (H rthle). Surface expression of CD97, a novel dedifferentiation marker, was measured by flow cytometry. mRNA expression of NIS gene was measured by real time quantitative PCR using TaqMan probe. RESULTS: Troglitazone down-regulated the surface expression of CD97 in FTC-133 cells and up-regulated (NIS) mRNA in TPC-1, FTC-133 and XTC-1 cells. CONCLUSION: Our investigations documented that troglitazone, a PPARgammaagonist, induced redifferentiation in thyroid cancer cell lines. In patients who have poorly differentiated thyroid cancer unresponsive to traditional treatments, PPARgammaagonists may therefore reintroduce the effectiveness of traditional treatments.
Subject(s)
Humans , Cell Differentiation , Cell Line , Flow Cytometry , Gene Expression , Ion Transport , Peroxisomes , Polymerase Chain Reaction , RNA, Messenger , Thyroid Gland , Thyroid Neoplasms , Transcription FactorsABSTRACT
Gastrointestinal duplication is a rare congenital disorder that can occur anywhere along the gastrointestinal tract. The most frequent site of duplication is the mesenteric border of the small intestine. Retroperitoneal duplication cysts are extremely rare. Most duplications are diagnosed in neonates or infants, but rarely preoperatively. By the complete excision of a retroperitoneal duplication cyst, a 26 year old male patient, who had suffered from intermittent severe abdominal pain all his life, was successfully treated. Herein, a case of retroperitoneal duplication cyst is reported, with a review of literature.
Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Male , Abdominal Pain , Congenital, Hereditary, and Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities , Gastrointestinal Tract , Intestine, SmallABSTRACT
Mullerian Mucinous papillary Cyatadenernas of Borderline tumor(MMBT) is lined by mucinous epithelium of endocervical type and is characterized by papillae architecturally similer to those of serous horderline tumors, It has been described rarely in the literature, Thia case was reported with a brief review of the concerened literatures. It has important clinical and pathological diBerences from mucinous birderline tumors with intestinal differentiation, but has many similatities to mixed epithelial borderline tumora of Mulierian type. Recently, a case of MMBT in a 22 years old woman was experienced at our department. We presented this case with a brief review of literature.